![]() ![]() ![]() Today, it’s estimated that at least one million people in Japan experience extreme social withdrawal. Hikikomori stems from hikikomoru, a compound verb made up of the Japanese characters for “to pull back” and “to seclude oneself.” Extreme social withdrawal has been observed among Japanese youth since the 1970s and by the 1990s it was so common as to warrant its own descriptor. Speak to a GP surgery if you're not sure whether your vaccinations are up to date, or you're planning to travel abroad and do not know if you need any vaccinations.Scientists are now one step closer to providing better care for a rising mental health phenomenon: Hikikomori, or pathological social withdrawal. Find out about rabies risks in terrestrial animals by country on GOV.UK. rabies vaccination – recommended for travellers to at-risk where access to medical care is likely to be limited.tick-borne encephalitis vaccine – recommended for travellers to certain parts of Europe (but not the UK) and Asia.Japanese encephalitis vaccine – recommended for travellers to at-risk areas, such as parts of Asia.measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine – a routine vaccination offered to all children in England.It's not always possible to prevent encephalitis, but some of the infections that cause it can be prevented with vaccinations. These problems can have a significant impact on the life of the affected person, as well as their family and friends.īut help and support is available. problems with attention, concentration, planning and problem solving.Many people never make a full recovery and are left with long-term problems caused by damage to their brain. Some people eventually make a full recovery from encephalitis, although this can be a long and frustrating process. How long someone with encephalitis needs to stay in hospital can range from a few days to several weeks or even months. support with breathing, such as oxygen through a face mask or a breathing machine (ventilator).painkillers to reduce discomfort or a high temperature.treatments to help control the immune system.Treatment depends on the underlying cause, but may include: The earlier treatment is started, the more successful it's likely to be. Treatments for encephalitisĮncephalitis needs to be treated in a hospital. You cannot catch encephalitis from someone else. Some types of encephalitis are spread by mosquitoes (such as Japanese encephalitis), ticks (such as tick-borne encephalitis) and mammals (such as rabies). bacterial or fungal infections – these are much rarer causes of encephalitis than viral infections.a problem with the immune system, the body's defence against infection – sometimes something goes wrong with the immune system and it mistakenly attacks the brain, causing it to become inflamed.viral infections – very rarely, encephalitis may be caused by the common viruses that causes cold sores (herpes simplex) or chickenpox (herpes varicella) spreading to the brain.It's not always clear what causes encephalitis, but it can be caused by: weakness or loss of movement in some parts of the bodyĭial 999 for an ambulance immediately if you or someone else has these serious symptoms.More serious symptoms come on over hours, days or weeks, including: Symptoms of encephalitisĮncephalitis usually starts off with flu-like symptoms, such as a high temperature and headache. It can be life threatening and requires urgent treatment in hospital.Īnyone can be affected, but the very young and very old are most at risk. Encephalitis is an uncommon but serious condition in which the brain becomes inflamed (swollen).
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